Changes between Version 8 and Version 9 of TracReports


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Timestamp:
09/14/2019 03:12:49 PM (5 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracReports

    v8 v9  
    1 = Trac Reports =
     1= Trac Reports
     2
    23[[TracGuideToc]]
    34
    4 The Trac reports module provides a simple, yet powerful reporting facility
    5 to present information about tickets in the Trac database.
    6 
    7 Rather than have its own report definition format, TracReports relies on standard SQL
    8 `SELECT` statements for custom report definition.
    9 
    10   '''Note:''' ''The report module is being phased out in its current form because it seriously limits the ability of the Trac team to make adjustments to the underlying database schema. We believe that the [wiki:TracQuery query module] is a good replacement that provides more flexibility and better usability. While there are certain reports that cannot yet be handled by the query module, we intend to further enhance it so that at some point the reports module can be completely removed. This also means that there will be no major enhancements to the report module anymore.''
    11 
    12   ''You can already completely replace the reports module by the query module simply by disabling the former in [wiki:TracIni trac.ini]:''
    13   {{{
     5The Trac reports module provides a simple, yet powerful reporting facility to present information about tickets in the Trac database.
     6
     7Rather than have its own report definition format, TracReports relies on standard SQL `SELECT` statements for custom report definition.
     8
     9  '''Note:''' The report module is being phased out in its current form because it seriously limits the ability of the Trac team to make adjustments to the underlying database schema. We believe that the [wiki:TracQuery query module] is a good replacement that provides more flexibility and better usability. While there are certain reports that cannot yet be handled by the query module, we intend to further enhance it so that at some point the reports module can be completely removed. This also means that there will be no major enhancements to the report module anymore.
     10
     11  You can already completely replace the reports module by the query module simply by disabling the former in [wiki:TracIni trac.ini]:
     12  {{{#!ini
    1413  [components]
    1514  trac.ticket.report.* = disabled
    1615  }}}
    17   ''This will make the query module the default handler for the “View Tickets” navigation item. We encourage you to try this configuration and report back what kind of features of reports you are missing, if any.''
     16  This will make the query module the default handler for the “View Tickets” navigation item. We encourage you to try this configuration and report back what kind of features of reports you are missing, if any.
    1817
    1918A report consists of these basic parts:
     
    2423 * '''Footer''' — Links to alternative download formats for this report.
    2524
    26 == Changing Sort Order ==
     25== Changing Sort Order
     26
    2727Simple reports - ungrouped reports to be specific - can be changed to be sorted by any column simply by clicking the column header.
    2828
    2929If a column header is a hyperlink (red), click the column you would like to sort by. Clicking the same header again reverses the order.
    3030
    31 == Changing Report Numbering ==
     31== Changing Report Numbering
     32
    3233There may be instances where you need to change the ID of the report, perhaps to organize the reports better. At present this requires changes to the trac database. The ''report'' table has the following schema:
    3334 * id integer PRIMARY KEY
     
    3738 * description text
    3839Changing the ID changes the shown order and number in the ''Available Reports'' list and the report's perma-link. This is done by running something like:
    39 {{{
    40 update report set id=5 where id=3;
    41 }}}
    42 Keep in mind that the integrity has to be maintained (i.e., ID has to be unique, and you don't want to exceed the max, since that's managed by SQLite someplace).
     40{{{#!sql
     41UPDATE report SET id = 5 WHERE id = 3;
     42}}}
     43Keep in mind that the integrity has to be maintained, ie ID has to be unique, and you don't want to exceed the max, since that's managed by SQLite someplace.
    4344
    4445You may also need to update or remove the report number stored in the report or query.
    4546
    46 == Navigating Tickets ==
     47== Navigating Tickets
     48
    4749Clicking on one of the report results will take you to that ticket. You can navigate through the results by clicking the ''Next Ticket'' or ''Previous Ticket'' links just below the main menu bar, or click the ''Back to Report'' link to return to the report page.
    4850
    4951You can safely edit any of the tickets and continue to navigate through the results using the ''!Next/Previous/Back to Report'' links after saving your results, but when you return to the report, there will be no hint about what has changed, as would happen if you were navigating a list of tickets obtained from a query (see TracQuery#NavigatingTickets).
    5052
    51 == Alternative Download Formats ==
     53== Alternative Download Formats
     54
    5255Aside from the default HTML view, reports can also be exported in a number of alternative formats.
    5356At the bottom of the report page, you will find a list of available data formats. Click the desired link to
    5457download the alternative report format.
    5558
    56 === Comma-delimited - CSV (Comma Separated Values) ===
     59=== Comma-delimited - CSV (Comma Separated Values)
     60
    5761Export the report as plain text, each row on its own line, columns separated by a single comma (',').
    5862'''Note:''' The output is fully escaped so carriage returns, line feeds, and commas will be preserved in the output.
    5963
    60 === Tab-delimited ===
     64=== Tab-delimited
     65
    6166Like above, but uses tabs (\t) instead of comma.
    6267
    63 === RSS - XML Content Syndication ===
     68=== RSS - XML Content Syndication
     69
    6470All reports support syndication using XML/RSS 2.0. To subscribe to an RSS feed, click the orange 'XML' icon at the bottom of the page. See TracRss for general information on RSS support in Trac.
    6571
    66 ----
    67 
    68 == Creating Custom Reports ==
    69 
    70 ''Creating a custom report requires a comfortable knowledge of SQL.''
    71 
    72 '''Note that you need to set up [TracPermissions#Reports permissions] in order to see the buttons for adding or editing reports.'''
    73 
    74 A report is basically a single named SQL query, executed and presented by
    75 Trac.  Reports can be viewed and created from a custom SQL expression directly
    76 in the web interface.
    77 
    78 Typically, a report consists of a SELECT-expression from the 'ticket' table,
    79 using the available columns and sorting the way you want it.
    80 
    81 == Ticket columns ==
     72== Creating Custom Reports
     73
     74Creating a custom report requires a comfortable knowledge of SQL.
     75
     76Note that you need to set up [TracPermissions#Reports permissions] in order to see the buttons for adding or editing reports.
     77
     78A report is basically a single named SQL query, executed and presented by Trac. Reports can be viewed and created from a custom SQL expression directly in the web interface.
     79
     80Typically, a report consists of a SELECT-expression from the 'ticket' table, using the available columns and sorting the way you want it.
     81
     82== Ticket columns
     83
    8284The ''ticket'' table has the following columns:
    8385 * id
     
    102104
    103105Example: '''All active tickets, sorted by priority and time'''
    104 {{{
    105 SELECT id AS ticket, status, severity, priority, owner,
    106        time AS created, summary FROM ticket
    107   WHERE status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')
    108   ORDER BY priority, time
     106{{{#!sql
     107SELECT id AS ticket, status, severity, priority, owner, time AS created, summary
     108FROM ticket
     109WHERE status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')
     110ORDER BY priority, time
    109111}}}
    110112
    111113Dynamic variables can also be used in the report title and description (since 1.1.1).
    112114
    113 == Advanced Reports: Dynamic Variables ==
     115== Advanced Reports: Dynamic Variables
     116
    114117For more flexible reports, Trac supports the use of ''dynamic variables'' in report SQL statements.
    115 In short, dynamic variables are ''special'' strings that are replaced by custom data before query execution.
    116 
    117 === Using Variables in a Query ===
    118 The syntax for dynamic variables is simple, any upper case word beginning with '$' is considered a variable.
     118In short, dynamic variables are ''special'' strings that are replaced by custom data before query execution. Dynamic variables are entered through the preferences form and the values are autocompleted //(Since 1.3.2)//.
     119
     120=== Using Variables in a Query
     121
     122The syntax for dynamic variables is simple, any upper case word beginning with `$` is considered a variable.
    119123
    120124Example:
    121 {{{
     125{{{#!sql
    122126SELECT id AS ticket,summary FROM ticket WHERE priority=$PRIORITY
    123127}}}
    124128
    125 To assign a value to $PRIORITY when viewing the report, you must define it as an argument in the report URL, leaving out the leading '$'.
    126 
    127 Example:
     129The value of the dynamic variable can be assigned in the report preferences form.
     130
     131To assign a value to `$PRIORITY` in the URL for a report, leave out the leading `$`:
    128132{{{
    129133 http://trac.edgewall.org/reports/14?PRIORITY=high
    130134}}}
    131135
    132 To use multiple variables, separate them with an '&'.
    133 
    134 Example:
     136To use multiple variables, separate them with an `&`:
    135137{{{
    136138 http://trac.edgewall.org/reports/14?PRIORITY=high&SEVERITY=critical
    137139}}}
    138140
    139 
    140 === !Special/Constant Variables ===
     141It is possible to assign a default value to the variable, within a SQL comment:
     142
     143{{{#!sql
     144-- PRIORITY = high
     145
     146SELECT id AS ticket,summary FROM ticket WHERE priority=$PRIORITY
     147}}}
     148
     149
     150=== !Special/Constant Variables
     151
    141152There is one dynamic variable whose value is set automatically (the URL does not have to be changed) to allow practical reports.
    142153
    143154 * $USER — Username of logged in user.
    144155
    145 Example (''List all tickets assigned to me''):
    146 {{{
     156Example: List all tickets assigned to me:
     157{{{#!sql
    147158SELECT id AS ticket,summary FROM ticket WHERE owner=$USER
    148159}}}
    149160
    150 
    151 
    152 == Advanced Reports: Custom Formatting ==
    153 Trac is also capable of more advanced reports, including custom layouts,
    154 result grouping and user-defined CSS styles. To create such reports, we'll use
    155 specialized SQL statements to control the output of the Trac report engine.
    156 
    157 === Special Columns ===
    158 To format reports, TracReports looks for 'magic' column names in the query
    159 result. These 'magic' names are processed and affect the layout and style of the
    160 final report.
    161 
    162 === Automatically formatted columns ===
     161== Advanced Reports: Custom Formatting
     162
     163Trac is also capable of more advanced reports, including custom layouts, result grouping and user-defined CSS styles. To create such reports, we will use specialized SQL statements to control the output of the Trac report engine.
     164
     165=== Special Columns
     166
     167To format reports, TracReports looks for 'magic' column names in the query result. These 'magic' names are processed and affect the layout and style of the final report.
     168
     169=== Automatically formatted columns
     170
    163171 * '''ticket''' — Ticket ID number. Becomes a hyperlink to that ticket.
    164172 * '''id''' — same as '''ticket''' above when '''realm''' is not set
     
    169177
    170178'''Example:'''
    171 {{{
     179{{{#!sql
    172180SELECT id AS ticket, created, status, summary FROM ticket
    173181}}}
     
    177185See trac:wiki/CookBook/Configuration/Reports for some example of creating reports for realms other than ''ticket''.
    178186
    179 === Custom formatting columns ===
     187=== Custom formatting columns
     188
    180189Columns whose names begin and end with 2 underscores (Example: '''`__color__`''') are
    181190assumed to be ''formatting hints'', affecting the appearance of the row.
     
    198207
    199208'''Example:''' ''List active tickets, grouped by milestone, group header linked to milestone page, colored by priority''
    200 {{{
     209{{{#!sql
    201210SELECT p.value AS __color__,
    202211     t.milestone AS __group__,
    203212     '../milestone/' || t.milestone AS __grouplink__,
    204213     (CASE owner WHEN 'daniel' THEN 'font-weight: bold; background: red;' ELSE '' END) AS __style__,
    205        t.id AS ticket, summary
    206   FROM ticket t,enum p
    207   WHERE t.status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')
    208     AND p.name=t.priority AND p.type='priority'
    209   ORDER BY t.milestone, p.value, t.severity, t.time
    210 }}}
    211 
    212 '''Note:''' A table join is used to match ''ticket'' priorities with their
    213 numeric representation from the ''enum'' table.
     214     t.id AS ticket, summary
     215FROM ticket t,enum p
     216WHERE t.status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')
     217  AND p.name = t.priority AND p.type = 'priority'
     218ORDER BY t.milestone, p.value, t.severity, t.time
     219}}}
     220
     221'''Note:''' A table join is used to match ''ticket'' priorities with their numeric representation from the ''enum'' table.
    214222
    215223=== Changing layout of report rows === #column-syntax
    216 By default, all columns on each row are display on a single row in the HTML
    217 report, possibly formatted according to the descriptions above. However, it's
    218 also possible to create multi-line report entries.
     224
     225By default, all columns on each row are display on a single row in the HTML report, possibly formatted according to the descriptions above. However, it is also possible to create multi-line report entries.
    219226
    220227 * '''`column_`''' — ''Break row after this''. By appending an underscore ('_') to the column name, the remaining columns will be continued on a second line.
     
    227234'''Example:''' ''List active tickets, grouped by milestone, colored by priority, with  description and multi-line layout''
    228235
    229 {{{
     236{{{#!sql
    230237SELECT p.value AS __color__,
    231238       t.milestone AS __group__,
     
    238245       description AS _description_,                    -- ## Uses a full row
    239246       changetime AS _changetime, reporter AS _reporter -- ## Hidden from HTML output
    240   FROM ticket t,enum p
    241   WHERE t.status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')
    242     AND p.name=t.priority AND p.type='priority'
    243   ORDER BY t.milestone, p.value, t.severity, t.time
    244 }}}
    245 
    246 === Reporting on custom fields ===
     247FROM ticket t,enum p
     248WHERE t.status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')
     249  AND p.name = t.priority AND p.type = 'priority'
     250ORDER BY t.milestone, p.value, t.severity, t.time
     251}}}
     252
     253=== Reporting on custom fields
    247254
    248255If you have added custom fields to your tickets (see TracTicketsCustomFields), you can write a SQL query to cover them. You'll need to make a join on the ticket_custom table, but this isn't especially easy.
     
    254261Beyond the relatively trivial replacement of dynamic variables, the SQL query is also altered in order to support two features of the reports:
    255262 1. [#sort-order changing the sort order]
    256  2. pagination support (limitation of the number of result rows displayed on each page)
     263 1. pagination support (limitation of the number of result rows displayed on each page)
    257264In order to support the first feature, the sort column is inserted in the `ORDER BY` clause in the first position or in the second position if a `__group__` column is specified (an `ORDER BY` clause is created if needed). In order to support pagination, a `LIMIT ... OFFSET ...` clause is appended.
    258265The query might be too complex for the automatic rewrite to work correctly, resulting in an erroneous query. In this case you still have the possibility to control exactly how the rewrite is done by manually inserting the following tokens:
     
    262269
    263270Let's take an example, consider the following SQL query:
    264 {{{
     271{{{#!sql
    265272-- ## 4: Assigned, Active Tickets by Owner ## --
    266273
     
    274281   changetime AS _changetime, description AS _description,
    275282   reporter AS _reporter
    276   FROM ticket t,enum p
    277   WHERE status = 'assigned'
    278 AND p.name=t.priority AND p.type='priority'
    279   ORDER BY __group__, p.value, severity, time
     283FROM ticket t,enum p
     284WHERE status = 'assigned'
     285  AND p.name = t.priority AND p.type = 'priority'
     286ORDER BY __group__, p.value, severity, time
    280287}}}
    281288
    282289The automatic rewrite will be the following (4 rows per page, page 2, sorted by `component`):
    283 {{{
     290{{{#!sql
    284291SELECT p.value AS __color__,
    285292   owner AS __group__,
     
    287294   changetime AS _changetime, description AS _description,
    288295   reporter AS _reporter
    289   FROM ticket t,enum p
    290   WHERE status = 'assigned'
    291 AND p.name=t.priority AND p.type='priority'
    292   ORDER BY __group__ ASC, `component` ASC,  __group__, p.value, severity, time
    293  LIMIT 4 OFFSET 4
     296FROM ticket t,enum p
     297WHERE status = 'assigned'
     298  AND p.name = t.priority AND p.type = 'priority'
     299ORDER BY __group__ ASC, `component` ASC,  __group__, p.value, severity, time
     300LIMIT 4 OFFSET 4
    294301}}}
    295302
    296303The equivalent SQL query with the rewrite tokens would have been:
    297 {{{
     304{{{#!sql
    298305SELECT p.value AS __color__,
    299306   owner AS __group__,
     
    301308   changetime AS _changetime, description AS _description,
    302309   reporter AS _reporter
    303   FROM ticket t,enum p
    304   WHERE status = 'assigned'
    305 AND p.name=t.priority AND p.type='priority'
    306   ORDER BY __group__, @SORT_COLUMN@, p.value, severity, time
     310FROM ticket t,enum p
     311WHERE status = 'assigned'
     312  AND p.name = t.priority AND p.type = 'priority'
     313ORDER BY __group__, @SORT_COLUMN@, p.value, severity, time
    307314@LIMIT_OFFSET@
    308315}}}
    309316
    310317If you want to always sort first by priority and only then by the user selected sort column, simply use the following `ORDER BY` clause:
    311 {{{
    312   ORDER BY __group__, p.value, @SORT_COLUMN@, severity, time
     318{{{#!sql
     319ORDER BY __group__, p.value, @SORT_COLUMN@, severity, time
    313320}}}
    314321